大拇指游记
导读
《大拇指游记》是格林童话里的一篇流浪奇遇记:那位只有拇指大的裁缝儿子,长大后辞别父亲闯荡世界,把烟囱、宝库、牛腹、香肠挨个儿闯了个遍。把这样一篇欧式故事改写为寓言体,正合中国民间讲古的路数——用「从前」开篇,用短句推进,用一句道理收束,像老祖母在灯下讲故事。这一类「拇指小人」的故事,几乎世界各族都有:英国有汤姆·瑟姆,日本有一寸法师,那位坐在碗里顺流而下、拿绣花针当剑的小人,与我们这位拿补衣针当剑的大拇指如出一辙。可见「小小的身体,大大的志气」,是全人类共同的心愿。寓言体的好处是话少理明:孩子听完,只记得一句「人小,本事不小」,就够受用一生。读的时候,不妨请孩子留意:每一次脱险,靠的是机灵、勇气,还是运气?结尾父亲那句「疼孩子胜过疼院子里的鸡」,则是亲子共读时最温柔的一问。





《大拇指游记》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇,附中英释义与原文例句,帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
Used for mending holes in cloth by sewing.
缝补用的;补衣服用的。
He took a long darning needle, melted a little wax on the end of it over the candle, and gave it to his son.
他取来一根长长的补衣针,在烛火上化了一小团火漆,粘在针尾上,递给儿子。
A tall pipe that carries smoke up and out of a house.
烟囱。
He stretched his neck too far, and the hot steam grabbed him and carried him up the chimney.
脖子伸得太长,锅里的热气一把裹住他,顺着烟囱把他卷上了天。
A woman who is in charge of a house or a servant.
女主人;老板娘。
One day he said to the mistress, "If you do not feed us better, I will leave."
这一日,他对老板娘说:「老板娘,您要是再不给我们吃像样的饭,我可要走了。」
The small hole in a lock where the key goes in.
锁眼;钥匙孔。
A fellow that small can squeeze through a keyhole.
这么小的家伙,钻得进锁眼。
A soldier who stands guard at a door or gate.
哨兵;卫兵。
He was about to climb in when a sentry at the door saw him.
他正要往里爬,门口一个卫兵瞧见了他。
Metal bars that slide across a door to lock it.
门闩;插销。
But the locks and bolts were all sound, and he could not guess who had taken them.
可门锁门闩都好好的,实在想不出谁偷的。
Very tired after hard work or running.
筋疲力尽的;累坏了的。
At last the sentries were worn out and went away with their heads down.
两个卫兵跑得筋疲力尽,只好垂头丧气地走了。
Money or goods taken by thieves.
赃物;抢来的财物。
When the robbers shared the loot, he asked for only one small coin, because he could not carry any more.
分赃的时候,他只要了一枚小钱,再多他也拿不动。
Doing something secretly so that nobody sees you.
偷偷地;背地里。
He saw everything they took on the sly, and he told the master and mistress all about it.
她们背地里偷吃偷拿,全逃不过他的眼睛,他一件件都报告给了店主夫妇。
Cutting grass or plants with a blade.
割草;刈草。
Not long after, a maid was mowing grass in the garden.
没过多久,一个女佣在园子里割草。
Too small and narrow to move about in comfortably.
狭窄的;拥挤的。
It was dark and cramped inside, and worst of all, the pudding was hung up in the chimney to be smoked.
那地方又窄又挤,更要命的是,血肠被挂进烟囱里熏。
Extremely happy about something.
喜出望外的;欣喜若狂的。
When the father saw his dear son again, he was overjoyed.
父亲重新见到心爱的儿子,喜出望外。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
身量小,从来挡不住机灵与胆量;以巧胜力、以智脱险,才见真本事。而天下父母之心,永远把孩子看得比什么都重。
教育价值
这篇寓言借「小小人儿闯大世界」,让孩子明白扬长避短的道理:看似短处的小身量,也能变成钻锁眼、藏银币下的绝招。还可以一边读一边数一数大拇指几次脱险,分辨每次靠的是机灵、勇气还是运气。
家长共读提示
读之前,不妨先问孩子:如果你只有拇指那么大,会用什么办法闯世界?读到每一场遇险,可以停下来让孩子猜猜大拇指怎么脱身,再一起看他是不是够机灵。结尾父亲舍鸡换子的一段,正是聊「父母之爱」的好由头:问问孩子,在爸爸妈妈心里,什么东西最金贵。
和孩子聊一聊
- 大拇指只有拇指那么大,人人都觉得他「小」。可一路上,他是怎么把小身量变成绝招的?你能数出几回?
- 他帮强盗偷国王的钱,又戏弄卫兵。你觉得他做得都对吗?如果不对,你会怎么劝他?
- 他被牛吞进肚子,又被塞进香肠,每次都化险为夷。救他的,更多是机灵、勇气,还是运气?
- 故事结尾,父亲二话不说把满院的鸡都给了狐狸,只为换回儿子。这说明在父母心里,什么才是最金贵的?
- 英国有汤姆·瑟姆,日本有一寸法师,全世界都有「拇指小人」。为什么人们这么爱讲「很小很小的主角」的故事?


