桌子、金驴和口袋里的棍子
导读
这则故事原名《会开饭的桌子、会吐金子的驴和袋子里会打人的棍子》，是格林童话中“魔法赠礼”一类的代表作。我们把它改编成中国寓言体，是因为它骨子里就是一个“讲道理”的故事：撒谎的山羊、轻信的父亲、贪心的店主，几乎每个角色都是一类人的写照，正合寓言“借事说理”的脾胃。故事里的道理，与我们熟悉的“贪心不足蛇吞象”“耳听为虚，眼见为实”不谋而合：父亲的悲剧在于只信一面之词，店主的结局印证了贪念终将害己。读的时候，不妨让孩子先猜一猜：山羊为什么要说谎？店主第三次还会得手吗？读完再对照结尾，看看猜中了没有。这样读下来，孩子记住的不只是热闹的情节，还有藏在故事里的老道理。
《桌子、金驴和口袋里的棍子》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇，附中英释义与原文例句，帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
A short, thick stick used as a weapon.
短粗的木棍，可作武器。
The cudgel sprang out and beat the innkeeper without mercy.
木棍立刻蹦了出来，把店主打得毫无还手之力。
A young person who learns a trade from an experienced master.
学徒，向师傅学习手艺的年轻人。
After he left home, he became a joiner's apprentice and learned his trade well.
他离家之后，拜了一位木匠为师，学得一手好手艺。
To talk about yourself with too much pride.
吹嘘、夸口，骄傲地谈论自己。
At noon, he reached his father's house and boasted, "Father, I have brought a gold-ass!"
晌午他到了家，向父亲夸下海口：“爹，我带回一头金驴！”
Wanting more than you really need.
贪婪的，总想要更多。
The greedy innkeeper stood in the corner and watched.
贪心的店主站在墙角，看得眼珠子都快掉出来。
Kindness shown to someone you could punish.
慈悲、宽恕，对犯错的人手下留情。
If anyone hurts you, say, 'Out of the sack, Cudgel!' and it will leap out and dance on his back until he begs for mercy.
谁若欺你害你，你只消喊一声“棍子，出袋！”，它便跳出来，在坏人背上跳一场舞，跳到那人求饶才肯停。
Valuable things, such as gold and jewels.
宝物、财宝，如金子、珠宝。
They are fine things, but the treasure in my sack is the finest of all.
可都算不得稀奇，我袋里这件宝贝，才叫天下无双。
Feeling bad about something you did or how you look.
羞愧的，因做错事或出丑而感到难为情。
She was ashamed of her bald head, so she crept into a fox's den.
它顶着光秃秃的脑袋，自觉没脸见人，一头钻进狐狸洞里。
A large and special meal for many people.
盛宴，为许多人准备的大餐。
It was the greatest feast the tailor's house had ever seen.
这一顿盛宴，老裁缝家从来没有过。
To walk from place to place without a clear plan.
漫步、游荡，漫无目的地走。
The young man thanked his master and wandered across the world with his little table.
大儿子千恩万谢，背着桌子走遍四方。
To break open suddenly, often from too much pressure.
爆裂、撑破，突然裂开。
"I am full, I am full! One more leaf, and I shall burst! Meh, meh!"
“饱啦，饱啦！再吃一片叶子，肚子就要撑破啦！咩！咩！”
To cut hair off very close to the skin.
剃，把毛发剃到贴近皮肤。
He shaved the goat's head bare and beat her with his whip, and she ran away crying, never to return.
他取来剃刀把羊头剃得光溜溜，又抡起马鞭狠狠抽了一顿。
To trick someone in order to take something from them.
欺骗、骗取，用不正当手段拿走别人的东西。
One evening, he came to the very inn where his brothers had been cheated.
这一日傍晚，三儿子来到两个哥哥受骗的那家客店。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
耳听为虚，眼见为实；只听一面之词，往往会冤枉最亲近的人。贪心不足的人，终有一天会毁在自己的贪念上。
教育价值
孩子能从这则寓言中学到：遇事要多看多听、弄清真相再下判断；也懂得靠本事和智慧守护自己的东西，比一味炫耀更稳妥。
家长共读提示
读完可以和孩子演一演“山羊说谎”和“棍子跳舞”两段，边演边问：老裁缝错在哪里？如果你是店主，会不会偷别人的宝贝？再联系生活，问问孩子：怎样才算“弄清真相再开口”？
和孩子聊一聊
- 山羊为什么能在三个儿子面前说一套、在父亲面前又说另一套？老裁缝怎样做才不会被它骗到？
- 桌子和驴子只会“给”，棍子却能“守”。为什么最后是棍子把宝物都夺了回来？
- 店主一连偷了两次，第三次终于挨了打。你觉得他是自作自受吗？如果他第一次就收手，结局会怎样？
- 三兄弟的宝物都是学艺出师时师傅送的。你认为宝物是白得的，还是靠本事挣来的？
- 如果让你选一件宝物——会摆席的桌子、会吐金币的驴、会打人的棍子——你会选哪一件？为什么？
