天堂里的裁缝
导读
《天堂里的裁缝》（民俗学分类 ATU 800）是格林童话里一则轻松诙谐的'宗教喜剧'。它用非常家常、甚至有点顽皮的口吻，把西方基督教里的上帝、圣彼得和天堂搬进了民间故事：上帝出门散心，交代圣彼得看门；圣彼得一时心软放进了一个瘸腿裁缝，裁缝却趁机爬上了上帝那把能看见人间万象的金宝座。故事的笑点和教训都很清楚：裁缝一看见地上有个老太太顺手偷了两块面纱，气得抄起金凳子就砸了下去——而上帝回来后一语点破：'要是我也像你这样动不动就下狠手，天上的椅子板凳早就全扔光了。'这正是故事想说的：真正的宽容和审判，需要耐心、要留余地，不能急着替别人定罪。值得一提的是，'裁缝'在德国民间故事里是个固定的喜剧角色——手脚麻利、爱吹牛，还带点爱贪小布头的'小聪明'（这一点在《勇敢的小裁缝》里也看得到）。格林兄弟还写过好几个把天堂写得热闹又好笑的故事。读的时候，可以和孩子聊一聊：裁缝看到别人做错事就狠狠惩罚，这样对吗？如果换成上帝那样的耐心，又会怎么做？
《天堂里的裁缝》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇，附中英释义与原文例句，帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
In Christianity, the twelve close followers whom Jesus sent out to spread his teachings.
（基督教中的）使徒；耶稣的十二门徒。
The good God wished to enjoy himself in the heavenly garden, and took all the apostles and saints with him.
仁慈的上帝想到天堂的花园里散散心，他带走了所有的使徒和圣人。
Permission to enter a place.
准许进入；入场（许可）。
I am a poor, honest tailor who prays for admission.
我是一个贫穷诚实的裁缝，请求获准进入。
A wooden frame once used to hang criminals as a punishment.
绞刑架。
"Honest indeed," said Peter, "like the thief on the gallows!"
'诚实个鬼，'彼得说，'就像绞刑架上的小偷一样！'
Kind and forgiving toward someone you could punish.
仁慈的；宽容的；有怜悯之心的。
"Come, do be merciful," cried the tailor.
'噢，求求你发发慈悲吧，'裁缝喊道。
Small leftover bits or pieces of something.
碎片；零头；边角料。
Little scraps which fall off the table of their own accord are not stolen, and are not worth speaking about.
那些从桌上掉下来的碎布头不是偷来的，根本不值一提。
Unable to walk normally because of an injured or weak leg or foot.
瘸的；跛的；行走不便的。
Look, I am lame, and have blisters on my feet with walking here, I cannot possibly turn back again.
你看，我是个跛子，脚上因为走到这里都起了水泡，我没法往回走了。
Small painful swellings on the skin, filled with liquid, caused by rubbing or burning.
水泡；燎泡。
As he had torn shoes, and feet covered with blisters, he took a stick in his hand.
裁缝穿着破鞋，脚上长满水泡，他手里拿根棍子。
To mend a hole or torn place by covering it with a piece of material.
打补丁；缝补。
I will carry the children, and wash their clothes... and patch all their torn clothes.
我可以抱孩子、洗衣服……补好他们所有撕破的衣服。
A strong wish to know or learn about something.
好奇心；求知欲。
He got up, and full of curiosity, went round about into every corner of heaven.
他站了起来，满心好奇地逛遍了天堂的每一个角落。
A low stool for resting your feet on while sitting.
搁脚凳；脚凳。
Likewise it was much higher than the other chairs, and a footstool of gold was before it.
它比其他椅子高得多，前面还有一个金凳子。
A dishonest or tricky man (old-fashioned); a rascal.
无赖；狡诈之徒（旧式说法）。
"Oh, thou knave," said the Lord, "were I to judge as thou juggest, how dost thou think thou couldst have escaped so long?"
'噢，你这无赖，'上帝说，'如果我像你那样审判，你觉得你能逃过这么久吗？'
People who do things that are morally or religiously wrong.
罪人；作恶者。
I should long ago have had no chairs, benches, seats... but should have thrown everything down at the sinners.
我早就没有椅子、长凳、座位……全都会砸向罪人们。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
评判别人要有耐心和宽容，不能一看到过错就急着下重手；真正的公正，往往需要给人留一点余地。
教育价值
借一个诙谐的故事，引导孩子思考'宽容'与'急于评判'的分别，学会遇事先了解、不轻易下结论；也让孩子了解西方基督教民间文化的一个侧面。
家长共读提示
这是一则带宗教背景的西方民间喜剧，可当作了解异国文化的窗口；重点和孩子讨论'该不该急着惩罚别人'，而不必纠结宗教本身。
和孩子聊一聊
- 裁缝一看到老太太偷面纱，就气得把金凳子砸了下去。你觉得他这样做，是对，还是太冲动了？
- 上帝说：'要是我也像你这样动不动就惩罚，椅子板凳早就扔光了。'这句话是什么意思？
- 圣彼得本来奉命不许放人进来，却因为心软放了裁缝。你觉得他做得对吗？
- 裁缝其实不该坐上那把宝座，是'好奇心'把他带到了不该去的地方。好奇是好事，还是会惹麻烦？
- 生活中，当你看到别人做了错事，你会马上生气、想惩罚他，还是先弄清楚、给对方一个机会？
