金鹅
导读
这是格林童话里最欢乐的一则'善有善报'的故事。主人公被全家叫做'傻瓜'，可正是他——而不是那两个'精明'的哥哥——愿意把自己仅有的、又干又酸的干粮分给饥饿的小矮人。故事的核心其实是一次'考验'：小矮人向三兄弟讨吃的，两个哥哥自私地拒绝，结果都受了伤；只有傻瓜真心分享，得到了金鹅和一路的好运。这类'看似最没用的小儿子，最后却笑到最后'的情节，在格林童话里反复出现——它悄悄告诉孩子：善良和真诚，往往比精明更有力量。故事中间那串'一个粘一个'的滑稽队伍（民间故事学里叫 ATU 571'大家粘在一起'型），是专门用来逗那位'从不笑的公主'的——也一定会逗笑你的孩子。读的时候可以和孩子聊聊：两个哥哥那么'聪明'，为什么反而处处碰壁？
《金鹅》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇，附中英释义与原文例句，帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
Failed to care for or pay attention to someone.
忽视；忽略；冷落。
There was a man who had three sons, the youngest of whom was called the Simpleton, and was despised, laughed at, and neglected, on every occasion.
从前有一个人，他有三个儿子，最小的那个叫做傻瓜，总是被人轻视、嘲笑和忽视。
A bottle for carrying drinks.
（携带饮料的）瓶子；扁壶。
Before he went his mother gave him a delicious pancake and a flask of wine.
临行前母亲给了他一个美味的煎饼和一瓶葡萄酒。
Careful and sensible (here used with a touch of irony — really just selfish).
谨慎的；精明的（此处带反讽意味，实为自私）。
But the prudent youth answered, Give you my cake and my wine? I haven't got any; be off with you.
但精明的年轻人回答说：'把我的蛋糕和酒给你？我什么都没有，走开吧。'
A small axe held in one hand.
短柄小斧；手斧。
He made a wrong stroke, and the hatchet hit him in the arm, so that he was obliged to go home.
他砍偏了，斧头砸到了他的手臂，只好回家包扎。
Chopped or cut at something with an axe.
（用斧头）砍；劈。
The Simpleton went there, and hewed away at the tree, and when it fell he saw, sitting among the roots, a goose with feathers of pure gold.
傻瓜走到那里砍树，当树倒下时，他看见树根间坐着一只羽毛纯金的鹅。
A small hotel or pub where travellers can eat and sleep.
小旅馆；客栈。
He lifted it out and took it with him to an inn where he intended to stay the night.
他把它抱起，带它去一家旅店过夜。
Pulling out feathers, hairs, or fruit with the fingers.
拔（羽毛、毛发）；采摘。
Soon after came the second sister with the same idea of plucking out one of the golden feathers for herself.
不久二女儿也来了，想拔一根金羽毛给自己。
A line of people moving forward one after another.
队伍；行列。
In the midst of the fields they met the parson, who, when he saw the procession, said, Shame on you, girls.
在田野中他们遇到了牧师，看到这支队伍时说：'姑娘们，真不害臊。'
A person's face or the expression on it.
面容；脸色；表情。
On the very spot where he felled the tree, he saw a man sitting with a very sad countenance.
在他砍树的地方，他看到一个表情悲伤的人坐着。
To satisfy your thirst by drinking.
解渴；止渴。
I have a great thirst, which I cannot quench: cold water does not agree with me.
我口渴难耐，无法解渴：冷水对我不合适。
Making you feel pity; sad and pitiful.
可怜的；令人怜悯的。
There in the same place sat a man who had fastened a strap round his body, making a very piteous face.
在同一个地方坐着一个腰间系着带子、表情可怜的人。
To refuse to give something; to hold back.
拒给；扣留；不给予。
Then he gave him the ship, and when the king saw it he knew he could no longer withhold his daughter.
于是小矮人给了他那艘船，国王看到后知道再也无法扣留女儿了。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
真诚善良、乐于分享的人终会得到好运；自私和精于算计反而处处碰壁。
教育价值
帮助孩子理解分享与善良的价值，认识到'看似平凡的人'也可能了不起，并在欢笑中体会因果。
家长共读提示
和孩子一起数一数金鹅后面粘了多少人，把它当成一个数数和'接龙'游戏；也可以聊聊：为什么两个'聪明'哥哥反而不如'傻瓜'？
和孩子聊一聊
- 两个哥哥又'精明'又不肯分享，结果都受了伤；傻瓜什么都分给别人，反而交了好运。这是巧合吗？
- 大家都叫他'傻瓜'，可他真的傻吗？你觉得他身上最可贵的是什么？
- 那些想拔金羽毛的人一个接一个被粘住。你觉得他们是被鹅粘住的，还是被自己的'贪心'粘住的？
- 如果你只有一点点吃的，遇到一个又饿又渴的陌生人，你会分给他吗？
