金鸟
导读
《金鸟》在民俗学里属于'金鸟'故事类型（国际分类 ATU 550），它有一个更广为人知的'亲戚'——俄国的《火鸟》。在《火鸟》里帮助王子的是一只灰狼，而在格林的版本中换成了狐狸，情节几乎一一对应。故事表面是寻宝历险，真正的主线却是'听不听劝'：狐狸一次次给出忠告，小王子却总忍不住被'更漂亮'的东西诱惑——放着朴素的木笼不用非要换金笼，放着普通马鞍不用偏要配金鞍，于是一次次坏了事。这其实是在提醒孩子：贪恋表面的光鲜，往往会误了正事。故事结尾还藏着一个古老的母题：忠实的狐狸反复恳求王子砍下它的头和脚，善良的王子几次不忍下手，直到最后才照做——狐狸这才变回人形，原来它是公主中了魔法的哥哥。'斩断头颅或肢体来解除魔咒'是欧洲童话里非常古老的'解咒'方式，看似残忍，实则象征着'旧形态的死去与新生'。带孩子读时，可以特别留意狐狸这个角色：它究竟只是一只动物，还是别的什么？
《金鸟》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇，附中英释义与原文例句，帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
(Of fruit or crops) became fully grown and ready to eat.
（水果、庄稼）成熟；变熟。
As the apples ripened they were counted, but one morning one was missing.
苹果成熟时都要点数，但有一天早上少了一个。
Made a firm decision to do something.
下定决心；决意（做某事）。
So the young man lay down under the tree to watch, and resolved that sleep should not be master.
于是年轻人躺在树下看守，决心不让睡眠主宰自己。
The feathers covering a bird's body.
鸟的羽毛（全身的羽毛）。
The bird flew away, but the arrow had struck its plumage, and one of its golden feathers fell to the ground.
鸟儿飞走了，但箭击中了它的羽毛，一根金羽毛掉落在地。
Advice, especially serious advice given carefully.
忠告；劝告；建议。
The fox cried out, 'Do not shoot me, and I will give you good counsel.'
狐狸喊道：'别射我，我会给你好建议。'
An old-fashioned place where people go to drink and sometimes stay the night; an inn.
（旧时的）小酒馆；客栈。
This evening you will come to a village, in which two taverns stand facing each other.
今晚你会来到一个村庄，那里有两家酒馆面对面而立。
Happiness, laughter and fun.
欢乐；欢闹；嬉笑作乐。
One will be brightly lighted up, and there will be plenty of merriment going on inside.
一家灯火通明，里面充满欢乐。
Not attractive or pleasant; not making you want to go in or take part.
不吸引人的；不讨人喜欢的；令人却步的。
Go into the other one, although it will look to you very uninviting.
去另一家，虽然它看起来很不吸引人。
Very poor, miserable, or in a bad condition.
破败的；凄惨的；可怜的。
In one singing and dancing was going on, the other looked quite dull and wretched.
一家在唱歌跳舞，另一家看起来十分破败。
(Of a sound) very sharp, loud and high, so that it seems to go through you.
（声音）刺耳的；尖利的；穿透力强的。
In the same moment the bird uttered a piercing cry.
就在这一刻，鸟儿发出刺耳的叫声。
(Of a horse) to make its long, loud, high-pitched cry.
（马）嘶鸣；嘶叫。
No sooner did the horse feel the golden saddle touch him than he began to neigh.
然而，金马一感觉到金鞍就嘶鸣起来。
The feeling of being thankful for something someone has done for you.
感激；感恩之情。
'That were a strange sign of gratitude,' said the king's son.
'那是奇怪的感恩方式，'国王的儿子说。
Blamed or criticised someone, showing disappointment in them.
责备；数落；埋怨。
He came up running, and reproached him for having forgotten his advice.
忠实的狐狸出现了，责备他忘记了自己的忠告。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
善待他人、听从善意的忠告，比自作聪明能带你走得更远；而真正的善良，会在意想不到的时候得到回报。
教育价值
培养孩子'听取建议、克制诱惑'的意识，理解善良与感恩的分量；'越换越漂亮却越换越糟'的反复结构，也帮助孩子练习预测情节、理解因果。
家长共读提示
每当小王子要违背狐狸的忠告时，不妨停下来问孩子：'你猜接下来会发生什么？'让孩子亲自体会'选择'和'后果'之间的联系。
和孩子聊一聊
- 狐狸一次次提醒小王子，可他总忍不住去拿那个更漂亮的金笼、金鞍。你能理解他为什么忍不住吗？如果是你呢？
- 两个哥哥举枪对着狐狸，小王子却对它很友善。你觉得这两种态度，为什么最后带来了完全不同的结果？
- 小王子被哥哥推进小溪、抢走了一切，可他后来还是花钱把要被绞死的哥哥救了下来。你觉得他这样做值得吗？
- 狐狸最后请求小王子砍下自己的头，才能变回人。如果是你，你舍得对一个帮过你的朋友这样做吗？
- 故事里'最不被父亲看好'的小儿子，反而成功了。你觉得是什么让他和两个哥哥不一样？
