金娃娃
导读
这其实是两个古老故事接在一起的'合集'。前半段——一条能实现愿望的金鱼、一个总也管不住好奇心、非要问出财富来历的妻子，一问就把好运问飞了——正是本站《渔夫和他的妻子》里那种'贪心与好奇'母题的翻版（民俗学家编号 ATU 555）。后半段则切换成完全不同的类型 ATU 303'孪生兄弟'：金鱼被切成六块，竟长出两朵金百合、两匹金马、两个金娃娃；兄弟俩出门闯荡，靠留在家里的金百合花彼此感应生死——花鲜就是平安，花谢便是死别。这种'生命信物'（一件能显示远方之人吉凶的东西）是世界文学里最古老的母题之一：早在约三千二百年前的古埃及《两兄弟的故事》里就已出现，可谓源远流长。读的时候，不妨和孩子留意：同一个'金鱼报恩'的开头，是怎样一步步长出一整个关于兄弟情义的冒险的。
《金娃娃》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇，附中英释义与原文例句，帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
A small simple house in the country.
小屋；农舍。
There were once a poor man and a poor woman who owned nothing but a little cottage.
从前有一个穷汉和一个穷妇人，除了一间小茅屋什么也没有。
Great surprise.
惊愕。
He was staring at it in astonishment when it began to speak.
他正惊愕地盯着它看，那鱼开口说话了。
A small, poor and dirty house.
破屋；陋室。
Where his hovel had stood there was now a great castle.
原先破屋的地方，如今立着一座大城堡。
Kept asking or complaining until someone gives in.
唠叨不休；缠着盘问。
She gave herself no rest by day or night, and she nagged at her husband until at last he lost patience and let out that it was all owing to a wonderful golden fish he had caught and set free again.
她日夜不得安生，缠着丈夫盘问，最后他失了耐性，脱口说出这一切都是因为他捞着过一条神奇的金鱼，又把它放生了。
Young horses.
马驹。
The horse gave birth to two golden foals.
马生下两匹金马驹。
To dry up and shrink, as a plant does.
枯萎；蔫掉。
If they wither, we are ill.
它们蔫了，我们就病了。
To shout rude, mocking remarks at someone.
讥讽；嘲笑。
When these people caught sight of the gold-children, they began to laugh and jeer.
这些人一看见两个金娃娃，就笑起来，出言讥讽。
Without being afraid.
毫无惧色地。
So he took bear-skins and covered himself and his horse with them, so that none of the gold could be seen, and rode fearlessly into the forest.
于是他弄来几张熊皮，把自己和马都裹了起来，金色一点也露不出来，随后毫无惧色地骑进了林子。
A person with no home who wanders from place to place.
流浪汉。
At that the father cried furiously, "No vagabond shall ever have my daughter!" and he was about to kill him.
父亲勃然大怒："我的女儿绝不能给一个流浪汉！"说着就要动手杀他。
Thrown aside as no longer wanted.
丢弃的；脱下不用的。
But when he put his head round the door, a magnificent golden man was lying in the bed, and the discarded bear-skins lay on the floor.
可他一探头，只见床上躺着一个金光灿灿的人，脱下来的熊皮扔在地上。
A fully grown male deer.
雄鹿。
The gold-child, meanwhile, had been dreaming of riding out after a splendid stag.
可这金娃娃做了个梦，梦见自己骑马去猎一头漂亮的公鹿。
Bent or hung downwards from weakness.
低垂；耷拉下去。
At home, meanwhile, the other brother was standing by the golden lilies when one of them suddenly drooped.
这工夫在家里，另一个兄弟正站在金百合旁边，忽然有一株垂了下去。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
有些约定，守住了才有福气——渔夫一次次因妻子按捺不住的好奇而泄了秘密，也一次次失去了到手的好运。故事的后半段又告诉我们：真正的兄弟情，是哪怕远隔千里，也能感知对方的危难，并义无反顾地赶去相救。
教育价值
前半段适合和孩子讨论'守信'与'管住好奇心'；后半段则展现兄弟间的深情与忠诚。'金百合花枯萎报信'的设定，也是引导孩子理解'牵挂'这种情感的好例子。
家长共读提示
可以和孩子聊聊：渔夫的妻子为什么总也忍不住要问秘密？'知道'这件事，真的比'好运'更重要吗？后半段两兄弟靠金百合花互通生死——如果你有这样一朵花，你想用它牵挂谁？（注：结尾女巫被变石头、又被迫复活的情节，可轻描淡写带过。）
和孩子聊一聊
- 渔夫答应过金鱼不能说出秘密，却一次次被妻子问得说了出来。你觉得是他太没定力，还是妻子太爱追问？
- 妻子说'如果不能知道财富从哪来，我宁愿不要'。你能理解她这种心情吗？'知道真相'对你来说重要吗？
- 两兄弟靠金百合花感知彼此的平安。你有没有那种'虽然不在身边、却一直惦记着'的人？
- 留在家里的哥哥一看见金百合枯萎，立刻不顾危险去救弟弟。如果换作是你，会怎么做？
- 这个故事前半段讲金鱼和贪心，后半段讲金娃娃和兄弟情。你觉得这两部分是怎么连在一起的？
