土地神
导读
这则故事在格林童话里原题《地精》，民俗学者把它归入著名的 ATU 301 型故事。改成中国寓言体，是因为它骨子里就是寓言：被贴上「傻」标签的年轻人，凭勇敢正直胜过两个「聪明」的哥哥，正合「人不可貌相，海水不可斗量」的古训——汉斯的好，要到最后才显出来。故事里还藏着两处旧把戏：公主们发过誓不能说真相，国王就让她们「说给炉子听」，自己躲在门外偷听，与「对树洞说秘密」同出一理；结尾讲故事的人说自己穿玻璃鞋观礼、一脚磕碎了，是德国「扯谎故事」惯用的收尾玩笑。陪孩子读时不妨留意：哥哥们的「聪明」用来逃避和抢功，汉斯的「傻」却用来担险救人——聪明和傻，哪个才是真聪明？
《土地神》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇，附中英释义与原文例句，帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
A magic wish that something bad will happen to someone.
诅咒；魔咒。
He loved it so much that he put a curse on its fruit: whoever picked an apple from that tree would sink a hundred fathoms into the earth and never return.
他爱得太深，竟当众立下重誓：谁摘了树上的苹果，谁就沉到地下一百寻去，再也回不到地面上来。
Tasting very good.
美味的，可口的。
It was sweet and delicious, so she gave her sisters a taste.
她伸手摘下一个大苹果，咬了一口，又甜又香，忙招呼两个姐姐来尝。
Something good you get for doing something well.
奖赏；酬报。
In great fear he offered a rich reward to any man who could bring his daughters home — one of the princesses for a bride.
他把王宫和花园翻了个遍，也不见踪影，又急又怕，便传下话来：谁能寻回他的女儿，就把一位公主许给他为妻。
To watch over and protect a place or person.
看守；守护。
Then they agreed to live there: one would stay and guard the castle, while the other two went out to look for the princesses.
三人饿得发慌，便坐下来吃了，还商议就此住下：留一人守家，另两人出去寻访公主。
Asked for something in a very earnest way.
乞求；恳求。
When the princesses woke, they begged the king to set Hans free.
公主们醒来，苦苦哀求国王放了汉斯。
Told the truth about something you did wrong or kept secret.
坦白；吐露。
So the king told them to confess to the stove, and he hid outside the door and heard every word.
国王便让她们讲给炉子听——炉子不会传话，其实国王躲在门外，把每一个字都听进了耳朵。
Very angry.
狂怒的，暴怒的。
The dwarf grew furious and ordered him to do it.
小矮人火冒三丈，逼他非捡不可，汉斯偏不，反倒一把揪住小矮人，狠狠教训了他一顿。
Moved from a higher place to a lower one.
下来；下降。
Then it was Hans's turn, and he descended all the way to the bottom.
轮到汉斯，他让人一直放到了井底。
Able to be trusted; honest and reliable.
值得信赖的，可靠的。
"Your brothers are not trustworthy," he warned.
小矮人叮嘱他说：「你那两个同伴靠不住，不会跟你讲信义。」
Hurt someone who trusted you by breaking your word or helping their enemies.
背叛；出卖。
The brothers had betrayed him, and now they paid the price.
真相大白，国王命人把两个背信弃义的哥哥吊上了绞架，把小女儿许给了汉斯。
Called something to come, often by magic.
召唤；召来。
He took the flute down and played a few notes. Each note summoned another elf, until the room was full of them.
他取下笛子，吹了几个音，眼前竟冒出一群小精灵——吹一个音，就多来一个，直到满屋子都是。
Disappeared suddenly, so it could no longer be seen.
消失；不见了。
He told Hans to bring a big basket, climb in with his sword and a bell, and let his brothers lower him into the well. Then the dwarf vanished.
他又教汉斯备一只大筐，带上佩刀和一只铃铛，坐进筐里让人放下去。说完，小矮人便不见了踪影。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
名号是虚的，人心是实的。被人唤作「傻汉斯」的，反倒最勇敢、最正直；背信弃义、抢功冒赏的人，骗得了一时，骗不过一世。
教育价值
让孩子明白：判断一个人要看他的行动，而不是听别人贴的标签；同时懂得勇敢、诚实与守信的可贵，知道抢占功劳、背弃同伴终会自食其果。
家长共读提示
共读时可以停下来问孩子：小女儿说「父亲的咒语是说给外人听的」，这话哪里靠不住？两个哥哥见难就退、见功就抢，最后丢了什么？还可以和孩子玩个游戏：数一数故事里谁说了真话、谁说了假话，再一起说说，「傻汉斯」这个名字是不是名副其实。
和孩子聊一聊
- 小女儿说：「父亲的咒语是说给外人听的。」她这话哪里想岔了？规矩对「自己人」就可以不守吗？
- 两个哥哥一进井就摇铃逃跑，汉斯却一直下到井底。同样的危险，是什么让人前进，又是什么让人退缩？
- 大家都叫汉斯「傻汉斯」，可他偏偏最勇敢、最会想办法。你身边有没有被人小看、其实很厉害的人？
- 哥哥们割断绳子，抢走功劳，还逼公主们说谎。如果你是公主，被逼着替坏人隐瞒真相，你会怎么办？
- 结尾讲故事的人说自己的玻璃鞋碎了。他为什么要加这么一句明摆着是玩笑的话？你从这句话里听出了什么？
