侏儒怪(维佩尔史提尔茨金)
导读
《侏儒怪》讲的其实是'名字的力量'。在世界各地的古老传说里,知道一个精灵或妖怪的'真名',就等于掌握了制服它的钥匙——这个信念比故事本身还要古老。2016 年,两位研究者用追踪语言演化的方法,把这类'猜出帮手名字'的故事(学名 ATU 500)一直追溯到大约四千年前的印欧语系源头,它可能是人类已知最古老的童话之一。'侏儒怪'(Rumpelstiltskin)这个名字本身来自德语,意思接近'弄出咯咯声响的小妖精'。有趣的是,在格林兄弟 1812 年的初版里,小矮人最后是骑着一把勺子从窗户飞走的;直到 1857 年的定稿,才改成他气得把自己撕成两半的骇人结局。读这个故事时,值得和孩子一起想想:这个故事里究竟谁才是真正的'坏人'——是小矮人,还是那个贪得无厌、逼人纺金的国王?
《侏儒怪(维佩尔史提尔茨金)》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇,附中英释义与原文例句,帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
A person who owns or works in a mill that grinds grain into flour.
磨坊主;磨面工。
There was once a miller who was poor, but he had one beautiful daughter.
从前有个磨坊主,虽然很穷,但他有一个美丽的女儿。
A thin rounded rod used to twist and wind thread when spinning.
纺锤;线轴杆。
He led her into a room that was quite full of straw, and gave her a wheel and spindle.
国王把她领进一间堆满稻草的屋子,给了她一架纺车和一个纺锤。
A feeling of great worry, suffering, or unhappiness.
苦恼;忧虑;痛苦。
She had no notion how to set to work to spin gold from straw, and her distress grew so great that she began to weep.
她根本不知道该怎么把稻草纺成金子,苦恼越来越深,最后忍不住哭了起来。
An idea or understanding of something.
概念;想法;(对某事的)了解。
She had no notion how to set to work to spin gold from straw.
她根本不知道该从何下手把稻草纺成金子。
A small reel that holds thread in spinning or sewing.
线轴;纡管(绕线用)。
Whirr, whirr, whirr! three times round and the bobbin was full.
嗖、嗖、嗖!转了三圈,线轴就满了。
Very surprised.
惊讶的;惊愕的。
At sunrise came the king, and when he saw the gold he was astonished and very much rejoiced.
日出时分,国王来了,看到金子他既惊讶又高兴。
Extremely greedy for money or wealth.
贪婪的;贪财的。
When he saw the gold he was astonished and very much rejoiced, for he was very avaricious.
看到金子他既惊讶又高兴,因为他十分贪婪。
To express deep sorrow or grief.
哀叹;悲痛;哭诉。
Then the queen began to lament and to weep, so that the little man had pity upon her.
王后听了开始痛哭哀叹,小矮人起了恻隐之心。
A person who carries a message or is sent to find something out.
信使;送信人。
She sent a messenger through the land to ask far and wide for all the names that could be found.
她派了一位信使到全国各地去打探任何能找到的名字。
Very strange, unusual, or remarkable.
奇特的;异乎寻常的。
The queen told the little man all the most unusual and singular names.
王后把所有最稀奇古怪的名字都说给小矮人听。
Funny in a way that makes you laugh.
滑稽的;好笑的。
Round the fire danced a comical little man, and he hopped on one leg.
一个滑稽的小矮人围着火堆单腿乱跳。
Very strong, wild anger.
狂怒;暴怒。
He seized his left foot with both his hands in such a fury that he split in two.
他狂怒地用双手抓住左脚,把自己撕成了两半。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
轻率的吹嘘和贪婪都会招来祸患;面对困境,冷静与智慧才能找到出路。
教育价值
引导孩子思考吹牛与诚实的后果、贪婪的危害,并从'猜名字'的情节中体会观察与坚持的重要。
家长共读提示
和孩子一起'猜名字',把故事变成游戏;也可以聊聊:如果你被逼着做一件根本做不到的事,会向谁求助?
和孩子聊一聊
- 磨坊主为了显摆,撒谎说女儿能把稻草纺成金子。他的这句大话给女儿带来了什么麻烦?
- 国王一次次逼姑娘纺金子,还威胁要杀她。你觉得他和小矮人比,谁更可恶?
- 姑娘走投无路时,答应把将来的孩子交出去。人在害怕的时候许下的承诺,应该算数吗?
- 这个故事说'知道名字就能战胜对方'。名字为什么会有这么大的力量?


