赌徒汉赛尔
导读
《赌徒汉赛尔》本是格林童话里的一篇奇谈（低地德语原题 De Spielhansl，学界归入 ATU 330 型“巧人斗魔鬼”故事）。我们把它改成中国寓言体，不是改变故事，而是换了讲法：寓言讲究“借事说理”，人物一望而知，情节直来直去，结尾还要点一句道理——正合这则故事的脾气。它那股把死神骗上树、一困七年的机灵劲儿，很像我们常说的“贪心不足蛇吞象”：赢的越多，窟窿越大。格林兄弟当年收集这类“滑头小人物戏弄阴间”的传说，多半是当笑话讲的，没料到几百年后竟成了学者研究“人类最古老故事”的样本。读的时候，不妨提醒孩子：这一局里真正输掉的，不是钱，是归宿。
《赌徒汉赛尔》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇，附中英释义与原文例句，帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
To risk money on a game of chance.
赌博；赌钱。
Long ago, there lived a man named Hansel who loved to gamble more than anything else in the world.
从前，有个叫汉赛尔的人，最爱赌钱，别的什么都不放在心上。
A place that keeps you safe from weather or danger.
栖身之所；遮风挡雨的地方。
One evening, two travelers came to his door and asked for shelter for the night.
有一天傍晚，两个赶路的客人来敲他的门，想借宿一晚。
To go and bring something back.
去取；去拿来。
So Saint Peter handed Hansel three coins and asked him to fetch some bread from the baker.
圣彼得便拿出三枚钱交给汉赛尔，叫他去面包房买些面包回来。
To act as if something is true when it is not.
假装；装作。
When he came home, he pretended that the money had fallen into the gutter.
回到家里，他撒谎说钱掉进了阴沟里。
The channel at the edge of a road that carries away water.
路边的水沟；阴沟。
When he came home, he pretended that the money had fallen into the gutter.
回到家里，他撒谎说钱掉进了阴沟里。
A room under a house, often used for storing wine.
地窖；酒窖。
But the Lord told him to go down to the cellar and look again.
主却叫他下到地窖里再找找。
To give someone what they ask for.
答应给予；允诺。
The next morning, the Lord said, "You have been kind to us, so I will grant you three wishes."
第二天清晨，主说：“你款待了我们，我要许你三个愿望。”
Small cubes with spots, thrown in games of chance.
骰子（掷出点数的赌具）。
Second, a pair of dice that always wins.
第二样，一副逢赌必赢的骰子。
Not straight; bent or twisted.
弯曲的；歪歪扭扭的。
The great hall was almost empty, for only old Lucifer and a few crooked little devils were at home, resting after their wicked work on earth.
只见屋里冷冷清清，只有老路西法和一群歪七扭八的小鬼，它们刚从人间做完坏事回来。
To risk money on the result of a game.
下注；押赌注。
Lucifer had nothing left to wager but his devils, and with his magic cards Hansel won them one by one.
路西法除了一群小鬼再无别的可押，汉赛尔凭那副纸牌，把他们一个个全赢了过来。
To grab something suddenly and firmly.
一把抓住；擒住。
So they seized Hansel and flung him out of the gate, and his soul burst into a thousand pieces.
他们一把抓住汉赛尔，把他扔出大门，他的魂魄摔成万千碎片。
A strong wish to have more than you need.
贪心；贪婪。
Whoever lets greed and gambling rule his heart will lose everything in the end — even a place to call home.
一个人若被赌瘾迷了心窍，纵有通天的运气，到头来也落得无处容身。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
贪心不足的人，赢了天下，也赢不来心安。一个人若被赌瘾迷了心窍，纵有再好的运气与机会，也只会拿去填那个填不满的窟窿，到头来落得无处容身。
教育价值
孩子能从这个寓言里明白：欲望若不节制，就会反客为主，把人一步步拖进深渊。也可以借“必胜的赌具也赢不来幸福”，和孩子聊聊自律、选择与知足常乐的道理。
家长共读提示
读前可以先告诉孩子：这不是教人赌博的故事，而是一面夸张的镜子，照出“贪”字有多误人。读到汉赛尔赢了半个世界却无处容身时，不妨停下来问问孩子：他赢得这么多，为什么反而不快乐？读完之后，还可以和孩子一起找找生活里那些“越要越多、越陷越深”的小事。
和孩子聊一聊
- 主许汉赛尔三个愿望，本指望他求进天堂，他却只要必胜的纸牌和骰子。你觉得这个选择，说明他心里最放不下的是什么？
- 汉赛尔赢下了半个世界，连死神都被他困在树上。为什么他赢了这么多，最后却连一个肯收留他的地方都没有？
- 如果汉赛尔在许愿时多想一想，他原本可以要些什么，让自己过得更好？
- 死神被困在树上七年，世上没有人死去。乍看是好事，可要是人人都长生不老，世界会变成什么样子？
- 故事的结尾说，汉赛尔碎裂的魂魄钻进了今天所有赌徒的身体里。你觉得作者为什么要编这样一个“由来”？
