弗雷德里克和凯瑟琳
导读
这则故事出自格林童话里的“呆瓜笑话”,德国人管这类逗人发笑的故事叫 Schwank。我们把它改写成中国寓言体,不为删掉笑声,恰恰相反——寓言最擅长的,就是把一件荒唐事讲完,再轻轻点出它背后那条朴素的道理,像“守株待兔”笑的是死心眼,“买椟还珠”笑的是分不清主次。凯瑟琳正是这样一个“一根筋”的典型:她善良、勤快、满心都是好意,只是从不肯多想一步,于是把听话变成了闯祸。读这个故事的乐趣,一半在笑,一半在对照自己:我们有没有过“只听见话、没听懂意”的时候?寓言体的短句和层层递进的“笑话链”,也特别适合孩子边读边猜、复述和表演。家长不妨在笑声之外,引导孩子注意凯瑟琳那句反复出现的口头禅,那正是全篇的点睛之笔。





《弗雷德里克和凯瑟琳》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇,附中英释义与原文例句,帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
A room under a house where people keep food and drink.
地窖;地下室,用来存放食物和酒水的地方。
While the sausage sizzled, she thought, "I may as well fetch some beer from the cellar."
香肠在锅里滋滋作响,她想:何不下地窖去打一罐啤酒来。
Spoke angrily to someone because they did something wrong.
责骂;数落。
When Frederick came home and scolded her, Catherine only said, "Dear me, Frederick, I did not know that. You should have told me before you left."
弗雷德里克回来,气得直骂。凯瑟琳却说:“哎呀,弗雷德里克,这我哪知道呀。你早该告诉我的。”
Threw or spread things over an area.
撒开;撒落。
She carried it down and scattered the flour over the spilt beer.
她又想起阁楼上有一袋面粉,便搬下来撒在满地的啤酒上。
Put something under the ground.
埋藏;埋在地下。
He buried the gold under the cow's manger and said, "Catherine, these are only counters for a game. Do not touch them."
过了些日子,弗雷德里克把银币换成了金子,埋在牛槽底下。他叮嘱凯瑟琳:“这些不过是玩游戏的筹码,千万动不得。”
Goods that people sell on the road or at a market.
货物;货郎担上卖的物品。
Catherine looked at their wares and offered the yellow counters in exchange.
凯瑟琳看了看那些瓶瓶罐罐,心里喜欢,便说要用那些黄澄澄的筹码来换。
Pretty things used to decorate a place.
装饰品;摆设。
So she knocked the bottom out of every pot and hung them along the fence as ornaments.
于是她把每只罐子的底都敲掉,一串串挂在篱笆上当摆设。
Rubbed a soft substance over a surface.
涂抹;抹上。
So she smeared butter along both sides of every rut, to make the road soft for the wheels.
便沿着每条车辙抹上黄油,好让车轮走得轻些。
Long deep tracks left in soft ground by wheels.
车辙;车轮压出的深沟。
On the road, Catherine saw deep cart ruts in the mud.
半路上,凯瑟琳见泥地里压着深深的车辙。
Metal joints that let a door swing open and shut.
合页;铰链。
Catherine bolted the upper door — then lifted the lower door off its hinges and carried it away on her back.
凯瑟琳回到家,把上半扇门闩好——又把下半扇门从合页上卸下来,背在背上就走。
A sour liquid used in cooking.
醋;酸味的调味汁。
Then she poured down her vinegar.
她又倒下醋。
Things stolen by thieves or taken in a fight.
赃物;抢来的财物。
And who should come and sit beneath that very tree but the rogues themselves, ready to divide their booty.
偏偏那伙货郎贼也来到树下,坐下就要分赃。
Round white vegetables that grow in the ground.
萝卜;芜菁。
They sent her into the pastor's field to pull up turnips.
他们打发她去牧师的地里拔萝卜。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
做事不能只照字面去办,更要想想人家为什么这么说;多问一句、多想一步,好心才不会办成坏事。
教育价值
借着一连串令人捧腹的糊涂事,让孩子明白“听懂了再做”和“想想再做”的重要,也体会好心与好结果之间,还差着动脑筋这一步。
家长共读提示
读的时候不必急着讲道理,先和孩子一起笑个够。笑完可以问:凯瑟琳哪一次是真心想帮忙?哪一次只要多问一句就能避免?再和孩子玩个“指令游戏”:故意说一句含糊的话,让孩子猜猜你真正想说的是什么。
和孩子聊一聊
- 凯瑟琳回回闯祸都说“你早该告诉我的”。她这话有没有一点道理?弗雷德里克交代事情的时候,是不是也有没说清楚的地方?
- 让她把家看安全,她就把门拆下来背走了。你能从故事里再找出几处她“只听话、不动脑”的地方吗?
- 她把奶酪一块块扔下山,说让后面的去把前面的叫回来。你觉得她这样想好笑在哪里?如果是你,会怎么办?
- 凯瑟琳好心却总办坏事。她是个坏人吗?身边如果有这样的人,你会怎么帮她把事做好?
- 如果你是弗雷德里克,出门前会怎样交代事情,才能让凯瑟琳少闯祸?试着把一句话说得清清楚楚。


