万事通大夫
导读
这是格林童话里少见的一篇纯喜剧——没有魔法，没有黑暗，全靠一连串好笑的巧合和误会。它属于世界各地都有的'走运的傻瓜/装聪明的人'类型（ATU 1641）。穷农民克拉布什么医术、什么本事都没有，只挂了块'万事通大夫'的招牌，却因为一次次阴差阳错破了案：他数上菜的仆人'这是第一个、第二个'，偷钱的仆人却以为他在点名'第一个贼、第二个贼'；他猜不出盖着的盘子里是什么，一声哀叹'可怜的克拉布'（Crabb 在德语里正是'螃蟹'的意思），盘子里偏偏就是螃蟹！全篇的笑点几乎都建立在'谐音'和'误会'上，是给孩子讲'文字游戏'的绝佳例子。不过这里也有个值得和孩子聊的地方：克拉布最后既拿了领主的赏钱，又收了小偷的封口费，两头通吃——他机灵得可爱，却算不上什么正面榜样。读的时候可以想想：他到底是'真有本事'，还是'运气好'？'看起来很懂'和'真的懂'，是一回事吗？
《万事通大夫》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇，附中英释义与原文例句，帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
A poor farmer or farm worker, especially in former times.
农民；农夫；乡下人。
There was once on a time a poor peasant called Crabb, who drove with two oxen a load of wood to the town.
从前有个贫穷的农民叫克拉布，他赶着两头牛拉的一车木头进城。
Cattle used for pulling heavy loads (the plural of 'ox').
牛；耕牛（ox 的复数）。
He drove with two oxen a load of wood to the town, and sold it to a doctor for two thalers.
他赶着两头牛拉的一车木头进城，以两个塔勒的价格卖给了一位医生。
In a delicate, refined, and careful way.
精致地；讲究地；斯文地。
When the peasant saw how daintily he ate and drank, his heart desired what he saw.
农民看到医生吃喝得那么讲究，心里很是羡慕。
Asked about something.
询问；打听。
He remained standing a while, and at length inquired if he too could not be a doctor.
他站了一会儿，终于开口问自己是不是也能当个医生。
A picture at the very front of a book, facing the title page.
（书籍的）卷首插图；扉页画。
Buy thyself an A B C book of the kind which has a cock on the frontispiece.
给自己买一本卷首画着公鸡的识字课本。
Gently pushed someone, usually with the elbow, to get their attention.
（用肘）轻推；碰一碰。
The peasant nudged his wife, and said, Grethe, that was the first.
农民碰了碰他的妻子，说：'格蕾特，这是第一个。'
A companion or fellow member of a group.
同伴；伙伴；同伙。
He was terrified, and said to his comrade outside, The doctor knows all: we shall fare ill.
他吓坏了，对外面的同伙说：'那大夫全都知道，我们要倒霉了。'
Suddenly worried or frightened.
惊慌的；担忧的；受惊的。
This servant was just as much alarmed, and he got out.
这个仆人也同样被吓坏了，赶紧退了出去。
Admitted to having done something wrong.
坦白；承认（做了错事）。
All four of them confessed to him that they had stolen the money.
这四个人全都向他承认是他们偷了钱。
To publicly accuse or inform against someone.
告发；检举；公开谴责。
They would willingly restore it, if he would not denounce them, for if he did they would be hanged.
如果他不举报他们，他们愿意把钱归还，因为如果他举报了，他们就会被绞死。
Moved slowly and quietly, close to the ground.
蹑手蹑脚地移动；爬行；悄悄溜。
The fifth servant, however, crept into the stove to hear if the doctor knew still more.
第五个仆人钻进了火炉里，想听听大夫是不是还知道更多。
Famous and admired for something.
著名的；有声望的。
He received from both sides much money in reward, and became a renowned man.
他从双方都得到了许多钱作为奖赏，成了一个有名的人。
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
运气和胆量有时能带来一时的成功，但'看起来很懂'不等于'真的懂'——真本事，还得靠真学问。
教育价值
在欢笑中让孩子体会文字的双关与误会之趣，并思考'真知'与'装懂'的区别、以及诚信的分量。
家长共读提示
这是一篇轻松的喜剧，笑点全在谐音和误会上——和孩子一起找一找、演一演。也可以聊聊：克拉布'两头通吃'到底好不好？
和孩子聊一聊
- 克拉布其实什么都不懂，只是运气特别好。你觉得他是'真有本事'，还是'纯靠运气'？
- 故事里的笑点大多来自'误会'和'谐音'（比如'克拉布'正好是'螃蟹'）。你还知道哪些好玩的谐音或双关？
- 克拉布最后既拿了领主的赏钱，又收了小偷的封口费。他这样'两头通吃'，你觉得对吗？
- '看起来很懂'和'真的懂'，是一回事吗？只挂一块招牌就说自己是专家，会有什么问题？
