猫和老鼠合伙
导读
《猫和老鼠合伙》被格林兄弟放在整本童话集的第 2 篇,位置十分显眼(仅次于《青蛙王子》)。它其实是一则古老的动物寓言(民俗学分类 ATU 15),在欧洲流传已久,也和中世纪《列那狐》里那些狡猾的把戏一脉相承。故事的核心妙笔是三个稀奇古怪的名字:猫谎称被请去当教父,偷偷溜进教堂舔猪油,回来却给根本不存在的'教子'取名叫'没了顶''剩一半''全完了'——这三个名字正好对应罐中猪油被吃掉的进度(德语原文是 Obenab、Halbaus、Ganzaus)。这个'借当教父之名偷吃、再用名字暗示偷吃进度'的桥段,是这类寓言的经典标志。和许多以美满收场的童话不同,格林兄弟特意保留了它冷酷的结尾:轻信的老鼠最终被同伴一口吞掉,故事以一句'你看,这就是世道'作结。这并不是要吓唬孩子,而是一则关于'识人'的警示——猫的本性(捕食者)从未因为'合伙'而改变,那些一次次被忽略的疑点,其实早就是危险的信号。读的时候,可以和孩子聊一聊:老鼠有哪几次机会,本可以看穿这只猫?
《猫和老鼠合伙》词汇精讲
本故事精选 12 个重点词汇,附中英释义与原文例句,帮助孩子扩展英语词汇量。
Knowing someone slightly; also, a person you know a little.
相识;结识;泛泛之交。
A cat had made the acquaintance of a mouse.
一只猫认识了一只老鼠。
Careful thought about something before deciding.
考虑;斟酌;深思。
Finally, after much consideration, the cat said, "I know of no place where it will be better stored up than in the church."
最后,经过深思熟虑,猫说:'我知道没有什么地方比教堂更适合藏东西了。'
A table or raised place used for religious ceremonies in a church.
(教堂里的)祭坛;圣坛。
We will put it beneath the altar, and not touch it until we are need it.
我们把它放在祭坛底下,不到万不得已不去动它。
A strong feeling of wanting something very much.
渴望;热望;强烈的想望。
It was not long before the cat took a great longing for it.
没过多久,猫就对它馋涎欲滴了。
A man who promises, at a child's baptism, to help guide the child's life.
教父(在洗礼时承诺照顾、引导孩子的男性)。
My cousin has brought a little son into the world, and she has asked me to be his godfather.
我的表姐生了一个小儿子,她请我去做教父。
Relating to baptism, the ceremony in which a person is named and welcomed into the church.
洗礼的;与洗礼有关的。
He is white with brown spots, and I am to hold him over the baptismal font.
那孩子浑身雪白,带着褐色的斑点,我要抱着他去接受洗礼。
A slow, relaxed walk.
漫步;闲逛;散步。
Then he went for a stroll on the roofs of the town, looked out for opportunities.
然后他在城里的屋顶上散步,寻找其他的机会。
The long stiff hairs that grow near the mouth of a cat and some other animals.
(猫等动物的)胡须;触须。
Then stretched out in the sun, licking his whiskers whenever he thought of the pot of fat.
接着他在阳光下舒展身子,每当想起那罐猪油时,就舔舔自己的胡须。
Ate something quickly and hungrily.
狼吞虎咽地吃;吞食。
The cat crept behind the town wall to the church, and devoured half the pot of fat.
猫却溜到了城墙后面的教堂里,吃掉了一半的猪油。
To bet; to say you are sure something is true.
打赌;断定。
I have never heard that name in all my life. I'll wager it is not in the almanac.
我这辈子从没听过这种名字。我敢打赌历书上肯定没有。
Small, delicate, and pretty.
娇小精致的;娇嫩的。
You will enjoy it as much as you would enjoy sticking that dainty tongue of yours out of the window.
你会喜欢的,就像你把你那娇嫩的舌头伸出窗外喝西北风一样。
Gave a baby a name at a Christian baptism ceremony.
为(婴儿)行洗礼命名;给……取教名。
When he arrived home the mouse asked, "What name was this child christened with?"
当他回到家时,老鼠问道:'这个孩子取了什么名字?'
延伸阅读与亲子共读
故事寓意
轻信花言巧语、忽视一再出现的疑点,往往要付出沉重代价;真正的朋友看的是行动,而不是甜言蜜语。
教育价值
帮助孩子学会分辨'口头的友好'和'真实的行为',认识轻信的风险;三个名字的文字游戏也是很好的推理与语言训练。
家长共读提示
读到每个古怪名字时停一停,让孩子猜猜它在暗示什么;读完再聊:老鼠错过了哪些'警告信号'?生活中我们该怎样留心这些信号?
和孩子聊一聊
- 猫每次都编一个'去当教父'的借口出门。老鼠有好几次机会本可以起疑心,你觉得她为什么一直没发现?
- 那三个古怪的名字——'没了顶''剩一半''全完了'——其实在偷偷告诉我们什么?
- 猫和老鼠说好一起过冬、共享食物,可猫从没打算遵守。这样的'合伙',一开始就公平吗?
- 故事最后老鼠被吃掉了,结局很不美满。你觉得作者为什么不给它一个圆满的结尾?
- 生活中,如果一个'朋友'总在你看不见的时候占你便宜,你会怎么分辨、又会怎么办?


